Understanding Corporate Tax Rates and Provisional Tax Payments

Corporate Income Tax

For the 2025 tax year, companies in South Africa generally pay a flat corporate tax rate of 28% on taxable income. Exceptions apply:

• Small Business Corporations (SBCs): Pay graduated rates with lower thresholds, resulting in a reduced overall tax burden.
• Micro‑businesses under turnover tax: Subject to a different system (see article 29).

Provisional Tax

Provisional tax is not a separate tax, but a method of spreading income tax payments over the year. It applies to companies and individuals who do not earn all their income through fixed salaries (e.g., self-employed businesses).

Key Points

• Two Primary Instalments:
  • First: Due six months after the start of the financial year (e.g. end of August for a March year‑end).
  • Second: Due at the end of the financial year (e.g. end of February).
• Third Payment (Optional): Within six months of year‑end, used to top up any underestimation.
• Estimate Taxable Income: Provide your best estimate of annual taxable income on each provisional return.
• Penalties: Underestimation penalties apply if your estimates are too low (generally below 80% of actual taxable income).

Tips for Businesses

• Work with a tax professional to accurately estimate your taxable income.
• Pay provisional tax on time to avoid interest.
• Maintain updated records to ensure your estimates align with actual performance.